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What are foreign exchange reserves?
Central banks and sometimes other banks and large corporations, hold reserves in foreign currencies as a hedge against exchange rate risk and perhaps to satisfy the liquidity needs of positions they may have in Forex derivatives. Central banks and large institutions which engage in international trade and Forex transactions will find it prudent and sometimes necessary to hold substantial reserves in a foreign currency. Central banks frequently engage in various types of Forex transactions to balance their exposure to trends, risks, and other effects in the currency market. Continue reading...
What is foreign exchange intervention?
If a central bank takes actions that intentionally and artificially affect the value of a currency, particularly its own, it is engaging in what is known as a Foreign Exchange Intervention, or an interventionist policy. Central banks occasionally use interventions in foreign exchange markets to achieve a desirable end. The banks will intentionally make trades and hold certain amounts of currencies or derivatives with the sole purpose of manipulating the value of their domestic currency. The reasons for that manipulation might be to slow down inflation or to make their county’s exports look more attractive by pushing the value of their currency lower. Continue reading...
What is Federal Debt?
Federal debt is the money owed by the government. The primary source of this debt is Treasury Bonds (Notes), which constitute debt obligations. About 25% of the current national debt is owed internally between different government agencies, mostly to the Social Security Trust Funds. The Federal Debt is also, and perhaps more commonly, referred to as the National Debt. Currently the debt is approximately $19 Trillion. Continue reading...
How Do Embargoes Impact Global Trade and Diplomacy?
Delve into the multifaceted realm of embargoes, powerful economic instruments wielded by nations and global entities. From their historical roots, like the Arab oil embargo, to their diverse forms, including trade and sanitary restrictions, embargoes have left indelible marks on the world stage. While they aim to enforce political or humanitarian objectives, their effectiveness and unintended consequences spark debate. Whether it's the longstanding U.S. embargo on Cuba or sanctions against Iran, these measures influence not just targeted nations but the entire global economy. Dive in to unravel the complexities and nuances of embargoes in international diplomacy. Continue reading...
What Is the Black Market?
A black market, often referred to as a shadow economy, is a clandestine platform, either physical or virtual, where goods or services are illicitly exchanged. The term "black" signifies the illegal nature of the goods, services, or the transactions themselves. In this article, we will explore the intricacies of black markets, why they exist, what they encompass, and the debate surrounding their impact on society. Continue reading...